What is Geniposide ?

Geniposide is an organic compound with the formula C17H24O10. The products are extracted from the dry and ripe fruit of Rubiaceae gardenia by high-tech production process. Gemiposide is a terridoid glycoside compound, different name geniposide, dumetin glucoside dehydroxygeniposide. The pure product is a white powder with specific rotation [α] D20 + 7.5 (water). Easy soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, insoluble in petroleum ether . Gardenia glycoside has a variety of uses, different conditions of fermentation, can be made into natural edible coloring agent gardenia blue and gardenia red, is also used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hepatobiliary diseases and other diseases and diabetes raw materials. Picture 1 (add an inner chain).

Health Benefits of Geniposide   

Geniposide has the effects of slow diarrhea, analgesia, gallbladder, anti-inflammatory, treatment of soft tissue damage, inhibition of gastric juice secretion and reduction of pancreatic amylin.

Sources of Geniposide    

Gardenia glycoside, also known as ginipin glycoside, is a kind of compounds, in the grass gardenia, euzhong duzhong, wei spear plants such as high content, traditional can extract from these plants as a crosslinking agent, it has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as liver, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-thrombosis, anti-thrombosis, anti-fibrosis, treatment of diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, in the field of cosmetics mainly used as anti-inflammatory raw materials.

Geniposide Supplements

Under the action of β -glucosidase, genposide polymerizes with the amino acids (glycine, lysine, phenylalanine) to produce gardenia blue. Phycocyanin extracted from gardenia blue and spirulina are the two only remaining natural blue pigments, which are relatively stable and have been widely used.

Genipine has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as liver protection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-thrombosis, anti-fibrosis, treatment of diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, especially in the prevention and treatment of various experimental liver diseases, and has a good clinical application prospect.

Research on Geniposide    

Gardenia is a dry and mature fruit of gardenia Gardeniajasminoides (Ellis), which has the effect of reducing fire, clearing heat and diuresis, cooling blood and detoxification. The recognized active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine gardenia at home and abroad is ring ether terdoid, which has pharmacological activities such as antipyretic and analgesia, anti-inflammation, sedative and hypnosis, liver, gallbladder preservation, prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, anti-ischemic injury and anti-microbial, especially can better prevent and control cerebral ischemia injury. The most active components in gardenia are geniposide (genipinside, Geniposide) and genipin (Genipin).

Conclusion

Gardenia is one of the first medicinal and food homologs published in China, which has both clinical medicinal value and daily edible value, and has broad application prospects. However, in recent years, it is reported that its main active ingredient, geniposide, is hepatotoxic, which makes its safety increasingly important. Geniposide can enter the body through gastrointestinal tract, skin, nasal inhalation, muscular injection, kidney, spleen, liver, heart, lung and brain organs. In the phase I reaction, genipine is the main hydrolytic product. ginipin is further combined with amino, glucuronic acid and sulfonate. After metabolism, gardenia is excreted in gardenia blue. Studies of geniposide toxicity parameters mostly focus on half of the lethal dose and the lowest level of observed harmful effects, which has not been reported in the literature. Gardenia glycoside hepatotoxic effect affect rat behavior, increased liver index, liver function index, liver cell damage, cholestasis and liver sinusoidal gap, the liver injury mechanism including covalent binding reaction, affect the metabolic enzyme expression and activity, cause bile acid homeostasis imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation and liver cell apoptosis, etc.

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