Ifu ya Hesperidin

Hesperidin ni glycoside ya dihydroflavonoid ifite formula ya molekile C29H33O15 n'uburemere bwa molekile 610.56. Hesperidin y'umwimerere igaragara nk'utubuye tw'umweru, mu gihe ifu y'umukara isanzwe iba ifu y'umukara wijimye. Yakuwe bwa mbere mu gishishwa cya citrus mu 1828, ni yo kintu nyamukuru gikora muri vitamine P (vitamini idashobora gucika), byatumye yitwa "vitamini karemano P". Hesperidin ikwirakwira cyane mu bidukikije: 30%–50% iboneka mu ruhu, mu gishishwa cya citrus zumye, naho hafi 1%–5% iboneka mu gishishwa. Umusaruro w'inganda zigezweho ukoresha imyanda itunganywa n'imbuto z'citrus, ibishishwa na pericarps nk'ibikoresho fatizo. Mu gukuramo alkaline no kuhira aside, gukuramo hifashishijwe ultrasonic cyangwa guhinduranya iyoni, hesperidin yashyizwemo ibirenze 90% hanyuma ikamumishwa mu ifu y'amazi ya hesperidin.

Amazi: Litiro zigera kuri 50 z'amazi meza kuri 25°C zirakenewe kugira ngo garama 1 y'ifu ya hesperidin ishonge burundu; gushonga kwiyongera gato mu mazi ashyushye hejuru ya 70°C.

Ibintu bishongesha mu by’umwimerere: Bishongesha mu buryo bworoshye mu gisubizo cya pyridine, dimethylformamide na sodium hydroxide; bishongesha gato mu gisubizo cya aside asetiki y’umweru na methanol; ntibishongesha muri acetone, benzene, chloroform na ether.

Uburyo pH ikoreshwa: Mu bisubizo bya alkaline (pH > 9), ifungura n'impeta ibikora, bigatuma ishonga vuba. Iyo pH igarutse ku rugero rwa aside, yongera gufunga ikabyimba. Kubwibyo, "gushonga kwa alkaline no gusukura aside" ni uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gusukura ifu ya hesperidine muri laboratwari.

Akamaro k'imikorere: Bitewe n'uko amazi yayo adashonga neza, ifu isanzwe ya hesperidine ihita ikwirakwira mu buryo bw'amazi menshi nk'ibinyobwa n'ibinyobwa binyobwa. Gukoresha hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, gukwirakwiza amazi mu buryo bufatika, cyangwa uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu buryo buciriritse bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda kugira ngo birusheho kunoza uburyo amazi akwirakwira mu mazi no kwemeza ko umusaruro wa nyuma urangwa n'ubuziranenge n'ubuziranenge.

"Glycosides" na "glycosides" biri mu buryo bwa kera n'ubushya bwo kwita amazina:
• Amazina ya kera: "Glycosides" muri hesperidin yahinduwe ivanywe mu rurimi rw'Ikiyapani mu myaka ya 1950;
• Izina rishya: Nyuma y'imyaka ya 1990, Komite y'Ubuhanga mu by'Amagambo ya siyansi yo mu gihugu cyanjye yahinduye ijambo "glycosides" ihindura ijambo rifitanye isano na "glycosides", bituma izina "hesperidin".

Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu binyamakuru by’ubushakashatsi, ubucuruzi bw’imiti n’amahame mpuzamahanga, ubu byandikwa nka "hesperidin" mu buryo bumwe. Ariko, hari inyandiko za kera n’abahanga bamwe ba kera baracyakoresha ijambo "hesperidin". Ibyo byombi bifite imiterere imwe ya chimique n’imibare ya CAS (520-26-3), kandi bishobora gufatwa nk’ikintu kimwe. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko amagambo "Hesperidin = Hesperidin-7-O-rutinoside" na "Hesperidin = Hesperidin-7-O-neohesperidin" rimwe na rimwe ubona kuri interineti mu by’ukuri ari ibisobanuro bitari byo bya "Hesperidin na Neohesperidin" kandi ntibikwiye kwitiranywa.

Niba ushaka ifu ya hesperidine yo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa cyangwa USP, nyamuneka hamagara SOST Biotech, ikigo cy'inzobere mu gukora ibikomoka ku bimera. Ibiro by'uruganda biherereye mu gace ka Xi'an gafite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse. Gifite laboratwari ya GMP na laboratwari yuzuye yo gupima HPLC na GC-MS. Ubusanzwe ifite imiterere itatu: 90%, 95%