Impuphu ye-Hesperidin

I-Hesperidin iyi-glycoside ye-dihydroflavonoid enefomula yama-molecule i-C29H33O15 kanye nesisindo sama-molecule esingu-610.56. I-hesperidin emsulwa ibonakala njengamakristalu amhlophe afana nenaliti, kuyilapho i-crude extract ivame ukuba yi-crystalline powder emnyama. Yaqala ukuhlukaniswa ne-citrus peel ngo-1828, iyisithako esiyinhloko esisebenzayo se-vitamin P (i-vitamin permeability), eyayenza yaqanjwa ngokuthi "i-vitamin P yemvelo". I-Hesperidin isatshalaliswa kabanzi emvelweni: 30%–50% itholakala esikhumbeni, e-pericarp kanye nasekhasini lezithelo ezomisiwe ze-citrus, kanti cishe u-1%–5% utholakala ekhasini. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwanamuhla kusebenzisa imfucuza yokucubungula izithelo ze-citrus, amakhasi kanye nama-pericarps njengezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngokukhipha i-alkaline kanye ne-acid precipitation, ukukhipha okusizwa yi-ultrasonic noma ukushintshana kwe-ion, i-hesperidin yagxiliswa ngaphezu kuka-90% yabe isifuthwa ibe yi-powder ye-hesperidin ewuketshezi.

Amanzi: Kudingeka amalitha angaba ngu-50 amanzi ahlanzekile ku-25°C ukuze kuncibilikiswe ngokuphelele igremu eli-1 lempuphu ye-hesperidin; ukuncibilika kuyanda kancane emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kuka-70°C.

Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo: Zincibilika kalula kusisombululo se-pyridine, i-dimethylformamide kanye ne-sodium hydroxide; zincibilika kancane ku-glacial acetic acid kanye ne-methanol; azincibiliki ku-acetone, i-benzene, i-chloroform kanye ne-ether.

Ukuzwela kwe-pH: Ezixazululweni ze-alkaline (pH > 9), ivula ngendandatho eyakha zona, okwandisa ngokushesha ukuncibilika kwayo. Lapho i-pH ibuyela emazingeni e-acidic, iyavala futhi bese ivuvuka. Ngakho-ke, "ukuncibilika kwe-alkaline kanye nokuchithwa kwe-acid" kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa yokuhlanzwa kwe-hesperidine powder elabhorethri.

Ukubaluleka kwenqubo: Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo emanzini okuncane, i-hesperidine powder evamile itholakala kalula ezinhlelweni ezinamanzi amaningi njengeziphuzo noketshezi oluphuzwayo. Ukufakwa kwe-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, ukuhlakazeka okuqinile, noma amasu e-microemulsification kuvame ukusetshenziswa embonini ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kokuhlakazeka kwamanzi nokuqinisekisa ubumsulwa nokucaca komkhiqizo wokugcina.

"Ama-Glycoside" kanye "nama-glycoside" angowezinhlelo zokuqamba ezindala nezintsha:
• Amagama amadala: Igama elithi "Glycosides" ku-hesperidin lihunyushwe lisuselwa kwelesiJapane ngawo-1950;
• Igama elisha: Ngemva kweminyaka yawo-1990, iKomidi Lamagama Esayensi Lezwe lami lashintsha igama elithi "glycosides" laba igama elisho okufanayo nelithi "glycosides", okwaholela egameni elithi "hesperidin".

Ngenxa yalokho, ezincwadini zezemfundo, kuma-pharmacopoeias kanye namazinga omhlaba wonke, manje ibhalwa ngokuthi "hesperidin" ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izincwadi ezindala kanye nonjiniyela basendulo basasebenzisa igama elithi "hesperidin". Laba bobabili banesakhiwo samakhemikhali esifanayo kanye nezinombolo ze-CAS (520-26-3), futhi bangabhekwa njengento efanayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amagama athi "Hesperidin = Hesperidin-7-O-rutinoside" kanye nelithi "Hesperidin = Hesperidin-7-O-neohesperidin" ovame ukuwabona ku-inthanethi empeleni ayincazelo engalungile ye-"Hesperidin kanye ne-Neohesperidin" futhi akufanele ididaniswe.

Uma ufuna i-food grade noma i-USP hesperidine powder, sicela uxhumane ne-SOST Biotech, umkhiqizi ochwepheshe wezitshalo ezikhishwe. Ihhovisi lefektri litholakala endaweni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu yaseXi'an. Linelebhu ye-GMP kanye nama-laboratories aphelele okuhlola i-HPLC kanye ne-GC-MS. Ngokuvamile inezincazelo ezintathu: 90%, 95%